Access to TV platforms : must-carry rules, and access to free-DTT / Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel (Strasbourg, France) 

Public ISBD Titre : Access to TV platforms : must-carry rules, and access to free-DTT Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel (Strasbourg, France) , Editeur scientifique ; Deirdre Kevin, Auteur ; Agnès Schneeberger, Auteur Editeur : Strasbourg [France] : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel Année de publication : 2015 Autre Editeur : Strasbourg [France] : Conseil de l'Europe Importance : 204 p Note générale : European Audiovisual Observatory for the European Commission - DG COMM Langues : Anglais Catégories : DROIT : Droit européen EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL Tags : Europe  audiovisuel  TNT  must-carry  télécommunications  accessibilité  consommateur  législation  directive  opérateurs  distributeurs  plateforme  régulation Index. décimale : 621.388 Télévision (télécommunication) Résumé : Executive Summary / Key Findings : • Must-carry regimes with the aim of ensuring public access to particular content for linear audiovisual services continue to exist throughout Europe • For the most part the content that should be carried concerns that of public service broadcasters but in several countries the concept of content of special interest or public interest broadens the must-carry beyond the public broadcaster • In several countries, the legacy free to air commercial broadcasters may also be included as must-carry. A range of other types of channels including local, community, regional channels may also be designated must-carry • There are some exceptional cases where the public channels of neighbouring countries, or international cultural or news channels may also be must-carry • The traditional approach of the focus of must-carry on cable networks has certainly changed with most countries adapting to the Universal Services Directive requirement that such rules focus on platforms with a “significant number of end users using the service as their main means of accessing television broadcasts” • Must-carry remains contentious due to the obligations placed on distributors and the issues of cost which may affect the distributor and/or the broadcaster and this is apparent in the continuing legal battles over these regimes, such as the on-going dispute between German public broadcasters and cable operators • There are also several examples of where must-carry rules have not been implemented as the public content tends to be desirable content without which the distributors would not attract subscribers • Other access issues such as must-offer (the corollary of must-carry) and must-find or must-see also exist to a lesser extent. In this context many regulators al-ready refer to the issue of prominence of content in the on-demand world. However, this area of regulation is not well developed • The content available over free DTT networks (which are universal in terms of technical access and free to the citizen) also represents an opportunity to provide access for the public to specific types of content and ensure that publicly funded content is available to all. The significance of DTT as a distribution platform also varies widely throughout Europe • There are very few countries where must-carry rules apply in the DTT environment. Regarding public service content this is for the most part due to the direct allocation of multiplexes to the PSBs or the requirement that the operators allocate space to the PSBs • The access of channels to free DTT platforms generally follow two types of regulatory strategy – either the regulator driven “beauty contest” or the multiplex operator “gate-keeper” approach • Regarding the possibilities for foreign (licensed in a different jurisdiction) channels to find space on a national free DTT platform, these vary across Europe with many countries requiring that all channels on free DTT have national licences • There are however, several examples of foreign channels and of international channels on the free DTT networks in other countries • The potential for channels to be added to a national free DTT network is influenced by a wide variety of additional factors aside from must-carry, or licensing regimes including: - The capacity of the networks which may either be well developed, mature and hence completely full, or under-developed (due to economic reasons) and hence lacking in space - The cost to the channel for transmission on the platform (page 9 du document) Note de contenu : Table des Matières Abrégée : Introduction and context of study Executive Summary 1 - Must-carry 2 - Digital Terrestrial Television Recent legal developments Country Reports 3 - AL - ALBANIA 4 - AT – AUSTRIA 5 – BA – BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA 6 – BE – BELGIUM 7 – BG – BULGARIA 8 - CH – SWITZERLAND 9 - CY – CYPRUS 10 - CZ – CZECH REPUBLIC 11 - DE – GERMANY 12 – DK – DENMARK 13 - EE – ESTONIA 14 - ES – SPAIN 15 – FI – FINLAND 16 – FR – France 17 – GB – UNITED KINGDOM 18 – GR – GREECE 19 – HR – CROATIA 20 – HU – HUNGARY 21 – IE – IRELAND 22 – IS – ISLAND 23 – IT – ITALY 24 – LT – LITHUANIA 25 - LU – Luxembourg 26 – LV - LATVIA 27 - MT – MALTA 28 - NL – NETHERLANDS 29 - NO – NORWAY 30 – PL – POLAND 31 – PT – Portugal 32 - RO – ROMANIA 33 - RS – REPUBLIC OF SERBIA 34 – SE – SWEDEN 35 – SI – SLOVENIA 36 - SK – SLOVAK REPUBLIC References/ Sources Sources: Executive summary/ analysis Sources: Country profiles Le texte de la directive "Service Universel" est disponible à l'adresse suivante : http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/?uri=URISERV%3Al24108h En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/documents/205595/264629/Must+Carry+Report+(Dec.+2015)/bb2 [...] Access to TV platforms : must-carry rules, and access to free-DTT [document électronique] / Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel (Strasbourg, France) , Editeur scientifique ; Deirdre Kevin, Auteur ; Agnès Schneeberger, Auteur . - Strasbourg (76 Allée de la Robertsau, 67000, France) : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel : Strasbourg (France) : Conseil de l'Europe, 2015 . - 204 p. European Audiovisual Observatory for the European Commission - DG COMM Langues : Anglais Catégories : DROIT : Droit européen EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL Tags : Europe  audiovisuel  TNT  must-carry  télécommunications  accessibilité  consommateur  législation  directive  opérateurs  distributeurs  plateforme  régulation Index. décimale : 621.388 Télévision (télécommunication) Résumé : Executive Summary / Key Findings : • Must-carry regimes with the aim of ensuring public access to particular content for linear audiovisual services continue to exist throughout Europe • For the most part the content that should be carried concerns that of public service broadcasters but in several countries the concept of content of special interest or public interest broadens the must-carry beyond the public broadcaster • In several countries, the legacy free to air commercial broadcasters may also be included as must-carry. A range of other types of channels including local, community, regional channels may also be designated must-carry • There are some exceptional cases where the public channels of neighbouring countries, or international cultural or news channels may also be must-carry • The traditional approach of the focus of must-carry on cable networks has certainly changed with most countries adapting to the Universal Services Directive requirement that such rules focus on platforms with a “significant number of end users using the service as their main means of accessing television broadcasts” • Must-carry remains contentious due to the obligations placed on distributors and the issues of cost which may affect the distributor and/or the broadcaster and this is apparent in the continuing legal battles over these regimes, such as the on-going dispute between German public broadcasters and cable operators • There are also several examples of where must-carry rules have not been implemented as the public content tends to be desirable content without which the distributors would not attract subscribers • Other access issues such as must-offer (the corollary of must-carry) and must-find or must-see also exist to a lesser extent. In this context many regulators al-ready refer to the issue of prominence of content in the on-demand world. However, this area of regulation is not well developed • The content available over free DTT networks (which are universal in terms of technical access and free to the citizen) also represents an opportunity to provide access for the public to specific types of content and ensure that publicly funded content is available to all. The significance of DTT as a distribution platform also varies widely throughout Europe • There are very few countries where must-carry rules apply in the DTT environment. Regarding public service content this is for the most part due to the direct allocation of multiplexes to the PSBs or the requirement that the operators allocate space to the PSBs • The access of channels to free DTT platforms generally follow two types of regulatory strategy – either the regulator driven “beauty contest” or the multiplex operator “gate-keeper” approach • Regarding the possibilities for foreign (licensed in a different jurisdiction) channels to find space on a national free DTT platform, these vary across Europe with many countries requiring that all channels on free DTT have national licences • There are however, several examples of foreign channels and of international channels on the free DTT networks in other countries • The potential for channels to be added to a national free DTT network is influenced by a wide variety of additional factors aside from must-carry, or licensing regimes including: - The capacity of the networks which may either be well developed, mature and hence completely full, or under-developed (due to economic reasons) and hence lacking in space - The cost to the channel for transmission on the platform (page 9 du document) Note de contenu : Table des Matières Abrégée : Introduction and context of study Executive Summary 1 - Must-carry 2 - Digital Terrestrial Television Recent legal developments Country Reports 3 - AL - ALBANIA 4 - AT – AUSTRIA 5 – BA – BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA 6 – BE – BELGIUM 7 – BG – BULGARIA 8 - CH – SWITZERLAND 9 - CY – CYPRUS 10 - CZ – CZECH REPUBLIC 11 - DE – GERMANY 12 – DK – DENMARK 13 - EE – ESTONIA 14 - ES – SPAIN 15 – FI – FINLAND 16 – FR – France 17 – GB – UNITED KINGDOM 18 – GR – GREECE 19 – HR – CROATIA 20 – HU – HUNGARY 21 – IE – IRELAND 22 – IS – ISLAND 23 – IT – ITALY 24 – LT – LITHUANIA 25 - LU – Luxembourg 26 – LV - LATVIA 27 - MT – MALTA 28 - NL – NETHERLANDS 29 - NO – NORWAY 30 – PL – POLAND 31 – PT – Portugal 32 - RO – ROMANIA 33 - RS – REPUBLIC OF SERBIA 34 – SE – SWEDEN 35 – SI – SLOVENIA 36 - SK – SLOVAK REPUBLIC References/ Sources Sources: Executive summary/ analysis Sources: Country profiles Le texte de la directive "Service Universel" est disponible à l'adresse suivante : http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/?uri=URISERV%3Al24108h En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/documents/205595/264629/Must+Carry+Report+(Dec.+2015)/bb2 [...]

Communication policies in the European Union and Turkey : market regulation, access and diversity : This project is co-funded by the European Union and Ankara University and implemented by the Faculty of Communication, Ankara University / Mine Gencel Bek 

Public ISBD Titre : Communication policies in the European Union and Turkey : market regulation, access and diversity : This project is co-funded by the European Union and Ankara University and implemented by the Faculty of Communication, Ankara University Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mine Gencel Bek, Editeur scientifique ; Deirdre Kevin, Editeur scientifique ; Sami Oguz, Traducteur ; Metin Semiz, Traducteur Editeur : Ankara : Ankara University Année de publication : 2005 Importance : 492 p. Format : 23cm Note générale : Eurimages Langues : Anglais Catégories : ECONOMIE - Aspects Généraux EUROPE MEDIAS Tags : télécommunications  internet  TIC  libéralisation des marchés  aspect économique  Turquie  Europe  concurrence  droit européen  législation  aspect socio-culturel  cinéma  télévision  médias  pluralisme  régulation Index. décimale : 621.38 Electronique et télécommunications Résumé : "The articles in the book are not merely limited with developing a framework on the European Union and Turkey by looking at the current legal foundations about the ajustement process, but they also evaluate communication policies of both the European Union and Turkey from awider and critical perspective. The book focusing on the regulation of the market, access and diversity vis-à-vis communication policies includes the following issues : Media ownership and competition regulations; film industry; liberalisation of telecommunication sector; gender and new information technologies and pluralism and cultural identities." (Prof. Ahmet Tolungüc, Faculty of Communication, Ankara University En ligne : www.ankara.edu.tr Communication policies in the European Union and Turkey : market regulation, access and diversity : This project is co-funded by the European Union and Ankara University and implemented by the Faculty of Communication, Ankara University [texte imprimé] / Mine Gencel Bek, Editeur scientifique ; Deirdre Kevin, Editeur scientifique ; Sami Oguz, Traducteur ; Metin Semiz, Traducteur . - Ankara : Ankara University, 2005 . - 492 p. ; 23cm. Eurimages Langues : Anglais Catégories : ECONOMIE - Aspects Généraux EUROPE MEDIAS Tags : télécommunications  internet  TIC  libéralisation des marchés  aspect économique  Turquie  Europe  concurrence  droit européen  législation  aspect socio-culturel  cinéma  télévision  médias  pluralisme  régulation Index. décimale : 621.38 Electronique et télécommunications Résumé : "The articles in the book are not merely limited with developing a framework on the European Union and Turkey by looking at the current legal foundations about the ajustement process, but they also evaluate communication policies of both the European Union and Turkey from awider and critical perspective. The book focusing on the regulation of the market, access and diversity vis-à-vis communication policies includes the following issues : Media ownership and competition regulations; film industry; liberalisation of telecommunication sector; gender and new information technologies and pluralism and cultural identities." (Prof. Ahmet Tolungüc, Faculty of Communication, Ankara University En ligne : www.ankara.edu.tr

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MAVISE EXTRA Media ownership: towards Pan-European groups? / Susanne Nikoltchev 

Public ISBD Titre : MAVISE EXTRA Media ownership: towards Pan-European groups? Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Susanne Nikoltchev, Editeur scientifique ; Gilles Fontaine, Auteur ; Deirdre Kevin, Auteur Editeur : Strasbourg [France] : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 58 p Langues : Anglais Catégories : EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL Tags : Europe  médias  audiovisuel  aspect économique  étude de marché  rapport Index. décimale : 011.37 médias visuels et audiovisuels Résumé : "15 major pan-European audiovisual distribution groups serve 68% of pay-TV homes in the EU. The sample of six groups in this report (Deutsche Telekom, Liberty Global, Orange, Sky, Viasat and Vivendi), accumulate 50% of pay-TV subscribers in the EU. The three “multi-country” broadcast groups in this report (Central European Media Enterprises, the Modern Times Group and the RTL group) include the major players (in the top 4 regarding audience share) in 17 European countries. There are 13 pan-European broadcasters who (directly or through subsidiaries) own the significant well-known channel brands and pay TV channels available throughout Europe. Nine of these are linked to the major US television and film production groups. The geographical spread of distributors and their synergies in technology, and the existence of multi-country broadcasters, leads to the development of regional on-demand services." Source : http://www.obs.coe.int/en/home (Consulté le 9/8/2016) (Press release 4/7/2016) “The purpose of this brief report was to provide a first sample of the types of analyses that are possible on the basis of the MAVISE database. MAVISE has three central pillars: firstly, it is a repository of audiovisual services (TV channels and on -demand audiovisual services); secondly it provides an association of these services with companies and the larger media groups that hold ownership of these companies; and thirdly it presents an overview of the distribution of audiovisual services throughout Europe on the basis of channels and services available on different Platforms (DTT free and pay, cable, IPTV, pay satellite, free satellite and OTT on-demand platforms). In addition, the companies involved in the distribution of services are catalogued in the MAVISE database and also linked to larger groups. This report focuses on those companies (both providers and distributors of audiovisual services). In the context of other research and policy concerns regarding media pluralism, this type of data is useful for mapping the media landscape and allowing for questions to be addressed regarding the pluralism of content and the links between content production, acquisition, packaging (on TV or on on-demand) and distribution. The decision to focus on pan-European groups illustrates the specific value of the MAVISE database whose coverage is 40 European countries (members of the European Audiovisual Observatory) and hence provides a unique possibility to link broadcasters or cable operators that operate across different countries. As outlined in the Methodology (chapter 2), this first MAVISE Extra report on ownership is focused on a large sample of companies (15) and does not provide a complete comprehensive picture of all actors active in the field. An overview of the state of play of concentration at the national level introduces the report (chapter three) focusing on broadcasting markets (audience shares) and pay TV/ distribution markets (shares of subscribers to TV packages). The development of concentration over time is also presented. Such an analysis cannot be so easily carried out at the European level, in particular with regard to broadcasting. Chapter 4 provides an analysis of the groups selected for this first report. The development of pan-European media groups is outlined with regard to the opportunities and strategies that brought them into being. The more recent strategic behaviour of these groups in response to the current challenges and opportunities in the media landscape are then examined. Chapter five provides the profiles of 15 media groups operating at the pan-European level, some of which are broadcasters, some are distribution companies and many are both providers of audiovisual services and distributors of audiovisual services. Finally, a link between the large groups examined in chapter four and the levels of concentration outlined in chapter three is indicated with reference to whether these groups are major players in a range of countries." (Introduction p.7) Note de contenu : Table of contents : Key findings 1 / Introduction 2 / Methodological Overview 3 / Trends in the concentration of European broadcast and distribution markets 3.1 - Developments in the concentration of TV audiences in Europe 3.2 - Developments in the concentration of pay-TV in Europe 4 / The pan-European market 5 / Profiles of Pan-European groups 6 / Sources En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/documents/205595/264629/Media+ownership+towards+pan-Europ [...] MAVISE EXTRA Media ownership: towards Pan-European groups? [document électronique] / Susanne Nikoltchev, Editeur scientifique ; Gilles Fontaine, Auteur ; Deirdre Kevin, Auteur . - Strasbourg (76 Allée de la Robertsau, 67000, France) : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel, 2016 . - 58 p. Langues : Anglais Catégories : EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL Tags : Europe  médias  audiovisuel  aspect économique  étude de marché  rapport Index. décimale : 011.37 médias visuels et audiovisuels Résumé : "15 major pan-European audiovisual distribution groups serve 68% of pay-TV homes in the EU. The sample of six groups in this report (Deutsche Telekom, Liberty Global, Orange, Sky, Viasat and Vivendi), accumulate 50% of pay-TV subscribers in the EU. The three “multi-country” broadcast groups in this report (Central European Media Enterprises, the Modern Times Group and the RTL group) include the major players (in the top 4 regarding audience share) in 17 European countries. There are 13 pan-European broadcasters who (directly or through subsidiaries) own the significant well-known channel brands and pay TV channels available throughout Europe. Nine of these are linked to the major US television and film production groups. The geographical spread of distributors and their synergies in technology, and the existence of multi-country broadcasters, leads to the development of regional on-demand services." Source : http://www.obs.coe.int/en/home (Consulté le 9/8/2016) (Press release 4/7/2016) “The purpose of this brief report was to provide a first sample of the types of analyses that are possible on the basis of the MAVISE database. MAVISE has three central pillars: firstly, it is a repository of audiovisual services (TV channels and on -demand audiovisual services); secondly it provides an association of these services with companies and the larger media groups that hold ownership of these companies; and thirdly it presents an overview of the distribution of audiovisual services throughout Europe on the basis of channels and services available on different Platforms (DTT free and pay, cable, IPTV, pay satellite, free satellite and OTT on-demand platforms). In addition, the companies involved in the distribution of services are catalogued in the MAVISE database and also linked to larger groups. This report focuses on those companies (both providers and distributors of audiovisual services). In the context of other research and policy concerns regarding media pluralism, this type of data is useful for mapping the media landscape and allowing for questions to be addressed regarding the pluralism of content and the links between content production, acquisition, packaging (on TV or on on-demand) and distribution. The decision to focus on pan-European groups illustrates the specific value of the MAVISE database whose coverage is 40 European countries (members of the European Audiovisual Observatory) and hence provides a unique possibility to link broadcasters or cable operators that operate across different countries. As outlined in the Methodology (chapter 2), this first MAVISE Extra report on ownership is focused on a large sample of companies (15) and does not provide a complete comprehensive picture of all actors active in the field. An overview of the state of play of concentration at the national level introduces the report (chapter three) focusing on broadcasting markets (audience shares) and pay TV/ distribution markets (shares of subscribers to TV packages). The development of concentration over time is also presented. Such an analysis cannot be so easily carried out at the European level, in particular with regard to broadcasting. Chapter 4 provides an analysis of the groups selected for this first report. The development of pan-European media groups is outlined with regard to the opportunities and strategies that brought them into being. The more recent strategic behaviour of these groups in response to the current challenges and opportunities in the media landscape are then examined. Chapter five provides the profiles of 15 media groups operating at the pan-European level, some of which are broadcasters, some are distribution companies and many are both providers of audiovisual services and distributors of audiovisual services. Finally, a link between the large groups examined in chapter four and the levels of concentration outlined in chapter three is indicated with reference to whether these groups are major players in a range of countries." (Introduction p.7) Note de contenu : Table of contents : Key findings 1 / Introduction 2 / Methodological Overview 3 / Trends in the concentration of European broadcast and distribution markets 3.1 - Developments in the concentration of TV audiences in Europe 3.2 - Developments in the concentration of pay-TV in Europe 4 / The pan-European market 5 / Profiles of Pan-European groups 6 / Sources En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/documents/205595/264629/Media+ownership+towards+pan-Europ [...]

Snapshot: Regional and local television in Spain / Deirdre Kevin 

Public ISBD Titre : Snapshot: Regional and local television in Spain Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Deirdre Kevin, Editeur scientifique Editeur : Strasbourg [France] : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel Année de publication : 2015 Autre Editeur : Strasbourg [France] : Conseil de l'Europe Importance : 55 p. Langues : Anglais Catégories : EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL: TELEVISION Tags : rapport  Europe  télévision  télévision locale  service public  Espagne Index. décimale : 791.45 Télévision (Loisir) Résumé : " L'Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel a récemment finalisé deux études sur la situation actuelle de la télévision régionale et locale au Royaume-Uni et en Espagne. Ces pays représentent deux paysages de télévision très différents. L'Espagne est traditionnellement caractérisée par une multitude de chaînes de télévision locales, tandis qu'au Royaume-Uni le développement d'un système de télévision locale via la télévision numérique terrestre est très récent. Les deux études ci-après fournissent des informations détaillées sur les chaînes régionales et leur programmation ainsi qu'un aperçu de l'impact de la crise économique sur le secteur espagnol en particulier. On y découvre également où les chaînes de télévision régionales sont plus populaires que les chaînes de télévision nationales." Source : http://www.obs.coe.int (Consulté le 05/05/2015) Note de contenu : Table des matières abrégée : About the brief Summary 1 - Introduction 1.1 - The Spanish “federal” system 2 - Overview of Spanish television landscape 2.1 - Regional autonomous public channels 2.2 - Regional windows of public broadcaster RTVE 2.3 - Regional Private TV channels 2.4 - Local City TV channels 21 2.5 - Closed channels 2009-2014 3 - News and current affairs, and programmes about Europe 3.1 - News and current affairs 3.2 – Europe 4 - Audience data for regional television 4.1 - Data provided from FORTA 4.2 - Audience data KANTAR MEDIA 4.3 - News Audiences 4.4 – Online data analysis En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/ Snapshot: Regional and local television in Spain [document électronique] / Deirdre Kevin, Editeur scientifique . - Strasbourg (76 Allée de la Robertsau, 67000, France) : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel : Strasbourg (France) : Conseil de l'Europe, 2015 . - 55 p. Langues : Anglais Catégories : EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL: TELEVISION Tags : rapport  Europe  télévision  télévision locale  service public  Espagne Index. décimale : 791.45 Télévision (Loisir) Résumé : " L'Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel a récemment finalisé deux études sur la situation actuelle de la télévision régionale et locale au Royaume-Uni et en Espagne. Ces pays représentent deux paysages de télévision très différents. L'Espagne est traditionnellement caractérisée par une multitude de chaînes de télévision locales, tandis qu'au Royaume-Uni le développement d'un système de télévision locale via la télévision numérique terrestre est très récent. Les deux études ci-après fournissent des informations détaillées sur les chaînes régionales et leur programmation ainsi qu'un aperçu de l'impact de la crise économique sur le secteur espagnol en particulier. On y découvre également où les chaînes de télévision régionales sont plus populaires que les chaînes de télévision nationales." Source : http://www.obs.coe.int (Consulté le 05/05/2015) Note de contenu : Table des matières abrégée : About the brief Summary 1 - Introduction 1.1 - The Spanish “federal” system 2 - Overview of Spanish television landscape 2.1 - Regional autonomous public channels 2.2 - Regional windows of public broadcaster RTVE 2.3 - Regional Private TV channels 2.4 - Local City TV channels 21 2.5 - Closed channels 2009-2014 3 - News and current affairs, and programmes about Europe 3.1 - News and current affairs 3.2 – Europe 4 - Audience data for regional television 4.1 - Data provided from FORTA 4.2 - Audience data KANTAR MEDIA 4.3 - News Audiences 4.4 – Online data analysis En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/

Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom / Deirdre Kevin 

Public ISBD Titre : Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Deirdre Kevin, Editeur scientifique Editeur : Strasbourg [France] : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel Année de publication : 2015 Autre Editeur : Strasbourg [France] : Conseil de l'Europe Importance : 36 p. Langues : Anglais Catégories : EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL: TELEVISION Tags : rapport  Europe  télévision  télévision locale  télévision numérique  service public  Grande-Bretagne Index. décimale : 791.45 Télévision (Loisir) Résumé : " L'Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel a récemment finalisé deux études sur la situation actuelle de la télévision régionale et locale au Royaume-Uni et en Espagne. Ces pays représentent deux paysages de télévision très différents. L'Espagne est traditionnellement caractérisée par une multitude de chaînes de télévision locales, tandis qu'au Royaume-Uni le développement d'un système de télévision locale via la télévision numérique terrestre est très récent. Les deux études ci-après fournissent des informations détaillées sur les chaînes régionales et leur programmation ainsi qu'un aperçu de l'impact de la crise économique sur le secteur espagnol en particulier. On y découvre également où les chaînes de télévision régionales sont plus populaires que les chaînes de télévision nationales." Source : http://www.obs.coe.int (Consulté le 05/05/2015) Note de contenu : Table des matières abrégée : About the brief Summary 1 - Introduction 1.1 - Nations and regions in the United Kingdom 2 - Overview of the UK television landscape 2.1 - BBC remit: regional and local news and services 2.2 - The BBC and the UK regions 7 2.3 - S4C 11 2.4 - Channel 3 licensees: ITV, UTV, STV 2.5 - News and programming obligations for Channel 2.6 - The new local DDT channels 3 - Audiences: channels and news 3.1 - Audiences in the UK regions and nations 3.2 - Audiences for other regional channels En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/ Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom [document électronique] / Deirdre Kevin, Editeur scientifique . - Strasbourg (76 Allée de la Robertsau, 67000, France) : Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel : Strasbourg (France) : Conseil de l'Europe, 2015 . - 36 p. Langues : Anglais Catégories : EUROPE MEDIAS:AUDIOVISUEL: TELEVISION Tags : rapport  Europe  télévision  télévision locale  télévision numérique  service public  Grande-Bretagne Index. décimale : 791.45 Télévision (Loisir) Résumé : " L'Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel a récemment finalisé deux études sur la situation actuelle de la télévision régionale et locale au Royaume-Uni et en Espagne. Ces pays représentent deux paysages de télévision très différents. L'Espagne est traditionnellement caractérisée par une multitude de chaînes de télévision locales, tandis qu'au Royaume-Uni le développement d'un système de télévision locale via la télévision numérique terrestre est très récent. Les deux études ci-après fournissent des informations détaillées sur les chaînes régionales et leur programmation ainsi qu'un aperçu de l'impact de la crise économique sur le secteur espagnol en particulier. On y découvre également où les chaînes de télévision régionales sont plus populaires que les chaînes de télévision nationales." Source : http://www.obs.coe.int (Consulté le 05/05/2015) Note de contenu : Table des matières abrégée : About the brief Summary 1 - Introduction 1.1 - Nations and regions in the United Kingdom 2 - Overview of the UK television landscape 2.1 - BBC remit: regional and local news and services 2.2 - The BBC and the UK regions 7 2.3 - S4C 11 2.4 - Channel 3 licensees: ITV, UTV, STV 2.5 - News and programming obligations for Channel 2.6 - The new local DDT channels 3 - Audiences: channels and news 3.1 - Audiences in the UK regions and nations 3.2 - Audiences for other regional channels En ligne : http://www.obs.coe.int/

TV news Channels in Europe : based on a report prepared by the European Audiovisual Observatory for the European Commission - DG COMM / Observatoire Européen de l'Audiovisuel (Strasbourg, France) 

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